An Buga: Janairu 25, 2026
Gilashin aluminum sun ci gaba da mamaye tattaunawar kayan aiki masu sauƙi a cikin 2026, tare da buƙatar duniya ta wuce tan miliyan 75 a kowace shekara - wanda ke haifar da wahala ta hanyar motocin lantarki, dawo da iskar gas, tsarin makamashi mai sabuntawa, da marufi mai ɗorewa. Farashin aluminum na farko ya daidaita kusan $2,600–$2,900 a kowace tan na metric akan LME, amma ƙimar ƙarfe yana da ƙarfi yayin da sarƙoƙin samar da kayayyaki ke ba da fifiko ga matakan aiki masu kyau. Aluminum da aka sake yin amfani da shi yanzu ya kai kusan kashi 40% na wadata a Arewacin Amurka da Turai, wanda ke taimaka wa masana'antun cimma burin rage gurɓatar carbon.
Duk da cewa tsantsar aluminum yana da wurinsa, ƙarfen da aka yi da ƙarfe a cikin jerin 1xxx zuwa 7xxx suna ba da ainihin buƙatun injiniyoyi masu iya aiki iri ɗaya. Kowane jeri yana da abubuwan haɗin kai daban-daban, maganin zafi, da siffofi—takarda/faranti, extrusions, foil, bar, bututu—waɗanda suka dace da takamaiman ayyuka. A ƙasa, na raba kowane babban jeri, na haskaka mahimman maki, siffofin samfura na yau da kullun, aikace-aikacen gaske, ƙarfi, rauni, da kuma yadda maki a cikin jerin iri ɗaya ke haɗuwa da juna. Idan kuna ƙayyade kayan aiki don sabon aiki, wannan ya kamata ya ba ku kyakkyawan wurin farawa.
Jerin 1xxx: Tsarkakken Aluminum na Kasuwanci (99.0%+ Al)
Waɗannan ainihin aluminum ne tsantsa waɗanda ba su da ƙarancin haɗakarwa—suna da matuƙar muhimmanci inda juriyar tsatsa da kuma ikon sarrafa wutar lantarki suka fi ƙarfi.
Maki na gama gari: 1050, 1060, 1070, 1100, 1200
Siffofi na yau da kullun: Takarda/faranti, nadi, foil (ƙasa zuwa 0.006 mm), tsiri, sandar bus, waya
Aikace-aikace:
- Foil: Marufi na abinci, fakitin blister na magunguna, foil na gida
- Takarda/naɗi: Faifan haske, tankunan adana sinadarai, masu haskaka haske
- Sandunan bas/sandunan da aka fitar da su: Masu amfani da wutar lantarki, watsa wutar lantarki
- Faranti: Kayan girki, faranti masu suna, masu musayar zafi
Fa'idodi: Kyakkyawan juriya ga tsatsa, kyakkyawan yanayin zafi/lantarki (har zuwa 62% IACS), kyakkyawan tsari da sauƙin walda, mai haske sosai, kuma ana iya sake amfani da shi gaba ɗaya
Rashin amfani: Ƙarfin injina mara ƙarfi (yawanci yawan amfani da injina shine 30-100 MPa), ƙarancin injina idan yana da laushi sosai, yana da sauƙin gogewa ko kuma ya yi laushi
Kwatanta Cikin Jerin: 1060 shine abin da ake buƙata—yana daidaita farashi da tsarki fiye da 1050 (ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki) ko kuma 1070/1200 mai tsada (tsarki mafi girma amma ya fi tsada). 1100 yana ba da ƙarfi mafi kyau kuma an fi so ga sassa masu zurfi fiye da 1050 mai laushi.
Jerin 2xxx: Alloys na Aluminum-Copper (Ana iya magance zafi, ƙarfi mai yawa)
Tagulla shine babban abin da ke haɗa ƙarfe, yana ba da ƙarfi a matakin jiragen sama amma yana da tsadar juriya ga tsatsa.
Maki na gama gari: 2014, 2024, 2124, 2219, 2618
Siffofi na yau da kullun: Faranti, zanen gado, sanda, kayan ado, kayan fitarwa
Aikace-aikace: Abubuwan da suka shafi tsarin sararin samaniya (fatun fuselage, fikafikan fikafikai), manyan motoci masu aiki (pistons, ƙafafun), kayan aikin soja
Fa'idodi: Ƙarfin juriya mai ƙarfi sosai (har zuwa 570 MPa a cikin T6), juriya mai kyau ga gajiya, ingantaccen injin aiki, yana riƙe ƙarfi a yanayin zafi mai yawa (2219 don tankunan cryogenic)
Rashin amfani: Rashin juriyar tsatsa ba tare da rufin rufi ko rufi ba, saurin tsagewa da tsatsa, ƙarancin ƙarfin walda (yawanci yana da rivet)
Kwatanta Cikin Jerin: 2024-T3/T4 shine ma'aunin sararin samaniya—mafi kyawun rabon ƙarfi-da-nauyi. 2014 yana ba da ingantaccen injin aiki kuma yana da yawa a cikin manyan forgings. 2219 ya yi fice a cikin walda da aikin cryogenic (tankunan SpaceX). 2618 an fi so don sassan injin masu zafi mai yawa.
Jerin 3xxx: Alloys na Aluminum-Manganese (Ba a iya magance zafi ba)
Manganese yana da ƙarfi mai matsakaici da kuma taurare mai kyau na aiki.
Maki na gama gari: 3003, 3004, 3105, 3005
Siffofi na yau da kullun: Takarda, nada, gwangwani, rufin gida, bututu
Aikace-aikace: Gwangwanin abin sha, kayan girki, rufin gida/gefen gefe, na'urorin musanya zafi, ƙera kayan gabaɗaya
Fa'idodi: Kyakkyawan juriya ga tsatsa, kyakkyawan tsari da kuma sauƙin walda, matsakaicin ƙarfi (har zuwa 200 MPa idan an yi aiki da ƙarfi), mai inganci da araha
Rashin amfani: Ba za a iya yi wa zafi magani ba don ƙarin ƙarfi, ƙarancin ƙarfi fiye da jerin da za a iya yi wa zafi magani
Kwatanta Cikin Jerin: 3003 shine mafi sauƙin amfani—yana da kyau don zane mai zurfi. 3004 yana da ƙarfi mafi girma (ƙarin manganese + magnesium) kuma yana mamaye jikin gwangwanin abin sha. 3105 ya shahara don siding na gidaje saboda ingantaccen manne fenti.
Jerin 4xxx: Alloys na Aluminum-Silicon (Sau da yawa ana amfani da su azaman Cika ko Siminti)
Silicon yana rage narkewar ruwa kuma yana inganta ruwa mai yawa - galibi yana yin simintin ƙarfe, amma wasu suna da ƙarfi.
Maki na gama gari (An yi shi): 4032, 4043 (wayar cikawa ce ta musamman), 4047
Siffofi na yau da kullun: Takarda, kayan ƙira, wayar walda/sanda
Aikace-aikace: Cikakken walda (4043), pistons, rufin gine-gine (4047)
Fa'idodi: Ƙarancin faɗaɗa zafi, juriyar lalacewa mai kyau, ingantaccen walda/ruwa
Rashin amfani: Ƙarfi ƙasa da sauran jerin, ƙarancin siffofi da aka ƙera
Kwatanta Cikin Jerin: 4043 shine cika MIG/TIG na duniya baki ɗaya; 4047 yana ba da ingantaccen ruwa da juriya ga tsagewa don rufin.
Jerin 5xxx: Alloys na Aluminum-Magnesium (Ba a iya magance zafi ba, Nauyin Ruwa)
Magnesium yana da juriya sosai ga tsatsa, musamman a cikin ruwan teku.
Maki na gama gari: 5052, 5083, 5086, 5454, 5754
Siffofi na yau da kullun: Faranti, takarda, extrusions, bututu
Aikace-aikace: Ɓangaren ruwa/tsari, bangarorin jikin motoci, tasoshin matsi, tankunan da ke haifar da hayaniya
Fa'idodi: Kyakkyawan juriya ga tsatsa (musamman ruwan gishiri), ƙarfin gajiya mai yawa, ingantaccen walda, ƙarfin matsakaici zuwa babba (har zuwa 350 MPa)
Rashin amfani: Ba za a iya maganin zafi ba, yana taurare da sauri (yana iya yin rauni idan an yi aiki da yawa), yana da saurin kamuwa da yanayin zafi sama da 150°C
Kwatanta Cikin Jerin: 5052-H32 shine mafi kyawun tsari da aka fi so a cikin manufa gabaɗaya. 5083-H116/H321 ya mamaye ginin jiragen ruwa don ƙarfin ƙarfi da sauƙin walda. Ana ƙara amfani da 5754 a cikin motoci don ingantaccen kammala saman.
Jerin 6xxx: Aluminum-Magnesium-Silicon Alloys (Ana iya magance zafi, Extrusion Kings)
Jerin da ya fi dacewa da amfani - babban fitarwa da matsakaicin ƙarfi.
Maki na gama gari: 6061, 6063, 6082, 6005, 6060, 6101
Siffofi na yau da kullun: Fitar da bututu, bututu, sandar ƙarfe, takardar ƙarfe
Aikace-aikace: Tsarin gine-gine, tsarin motoci, tsani, wurin wanke-wanke na zafi, firam ɗin kekuna
Bayanin Yanayin Maganin Zafi:
- T4: Maganin da aka yi wa magani da zafi kuma ya tsufa ta halitta—mai kyau da sassauci, matsakaicin ƙarfi
- T5: An sanyaya shi daga zafin extrusion kuma an tsufa shi ta hanyar wucin gadi—sauri samarwa, ƙaramin ƙarfi fiye da T6
- T6: Maganin da aka yi wa magani da zafi kuma aka tsufa da roba—ƙarfi da tauri mafi girma, wanda aka fi sani da sassan gini
Fa'idodi: Kyakkyawan fitarwa (musamman 6063), kyakkyawan juriya ga tsatsa, mai sauƙin walda, nau'ikan kayan aikin injiniya iri-iri ta hanyar maganin zafi
Rashin amfaniƘarfi ƙasa da 2xxx/7xxx, ingancin anodizing ya bambanta dangane da matsayi
Kwatanta Cikin Jerin: 6061-T6 shine ƙarfin ginin (magnesium/silicon mafi girma). 6063-T5/T6 yana mamaye extrusions na gine-gine don kammalawa mai santsi da sauƙin samarwa. 6082 (wanda aka fi so a Turai) yana ba da ƙarfi mafi girma fiye da 6061. 6060 ya fi laushi, ya dace da siffofi masu rikitarwa.
Jerin 7xxx: Aluminum-Zinc-Magnesium Alloys (Ana iya magance zafi, ƙarfi mai yawa)
Zinc yana samar da mafi girman ƙarfi da ake samu a cikin aluminum.
Maki na gama gari: 7075, 7050, 7010, 7475, 7068
Siffofi na yau da kullun: Faranti, sanda, kayan ado, kayan fitarwa
Aikace-aikace: Tsarin sararin samaniya/fikafikai, kayan wasanni masu inganci, sulken soja, farantin kayan aiki
Fa'idodi: Matsakaicin ƙarfi-da-nauyi na musamman (har zuwa 600 MPa), juriya mai kyau ga gajiya, ingantaccen injin aiki a yanayin T6/T7
Rashin amfani: Rashin juriya ga tsatsa ba tare da kariya ba, babban haɗarin tsatsagewa da tsatsa, wahalar walda, tsada
Kwatanta Cikin Jerin: 7075-T6/T651 shine nau'in ƙarfin da aka saba amfani da shi. 7050/7010 yana ba da ingantaccen juriya ga damuwa da tsatsa ga sassa masu kauri. 7475 yana ba da ingantaccen tauri na karyewa. 7068 shine mafi ƙarfi da ake samu a kasuwa.
Ana sa ran fara amfani da na'urorin aluminum a shekarar 2026
Tare da dandamalin EV da ke buƙatar tsarin sassauƙa da kuma jiragen sama da ke ƙoƙarin inganta ingancin mai, ana sa ran ci gaba da samun ci gaba a cikin maki 5xxx, 6xxx, da 7xxx masu ci gaba. Ci gaban sake amfani da makamashi da sabbin hanyoyin sarrafa zafi suna rufe gibin da ke tsakanin ƙarfi da dorewa.
Don zurfafa nutsewa, dubaJagorar Kwatanta 6061 vs 7075 or Aikace-aikacen Aluminum na Ruwa na 5083.
Idan kuna neman aiki, duba cikakken bayaninmuKasida kayan aluminumkosaka mana layi– muna da hannun jari a duk waɗannan nau'ikan kuma za mu iya taimakawa tare da kwastam.
(Bayanan da suka dogara da ƙa'idodin masana'antu, takaddun bayanai na fasaha, da rahotannin kasuwa. Kullum a tabbatar da su tare da masu samar da kayayyaki don takamaiman buƙatun aikin.)
Lokacin Saƙo: Janairu-25-2026